Yintoni inayiloni?Yintoni inayiloni esetyenzisiweyo?
Inayiloni luphawu lwegeneric yosapho lweepholima zokwenziwa ezenziwe iipolyamides (iiyunithi eziphinda-phindayo ezidityaniswe ngamakhonkco e-amide).Inayiloni yisilika efana ne-thermoplastic eyenziwe kwipetroleum enokuthi inyibilike ibe yimicu, iifilim, okanye imilo.Iipolymer zenylon zinokuxutywa kunye neentlobo ezininzi zezongezo ukufezekisa iinguqulelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zepropathi.Iipholima zenayiloni zifumene usetyenziso olubalulekileyo lwentengiso kwilaphu kunye nemicu (impahla, umgangatho kunye nokuqinisa irabha), kwiimilo (iindawo ezibunjiweyo zeemoto, izixhobo zombane, njl.njl.), nakwiifilimu (ubukhulu becala ukupakishwa kokutya. Inayiloni yipolymer, eyakhiweyo. Iiyunithi eziphinda-phindayo zediamines kunye ne-dicarboxylic acid eziqulathe amanani ahlukeneyo e-athom zekhabhoni Uninzi lwenayiloni yale mihla yenziwe ngeemonomers zepetrochemical (iibhloko zokwakha zekhemikhali zenza iipholima), kudityaniswe zenze ikhonkco elide ngempendulo yepolymerisation condensation. I-Nayiloni ephinda isetyenzisiwe yenye indlela yeNylon eyenziwe ngenkunkuma. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inayiloni inefuthe eliyingozi kakhulu lokusingqongileyo. Sekunjalo, abadali beli sixhobo bafuna ukunceda ukunciphisa iimpembelelo zelaphu kokusingqongileyo ngokusebenzisa i-nayiloni. imathiriyeli esisiseko esetyenzisiweyo.
Kutheni iNayiloni esetyenzisiweyo iyinto ezinzileyo?
1.Inayiloni esetyenzisiweyo iyindlela elungele i-eco-friendly kwifiber yokuqala kuba itsiba inkqubo yokwenziwa kongcoliseko.
2. Inayiloni ephinda isetyenzisiwe inoncedo olufanayo nolwepolyester esetyenzisiweyo: Iphambukisa inkunkuma kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma kwaye imveliso yayo isebenzisa imithombo embalwa kakhulu kunenayiloni engekasetyenziswa (kuquka amanzi, amandla kunye nezibaso zefosili).
3. Inxalenye enkulu yenayiloni esetyenzisiweyo eveliswayo ivela kwiminatha emidala yokuloba.Esi sisisombululo esikhulu sokuphambukisa inkunkuma elwandle.Ikwavela kwiikhaphethi zenylon, iithayithi, njl.
4.Ngokungafaniyo nenayiloni yesintu eyenziwe ngamafutha efosili engekasetyenziswa, inayiloni ephinda isetyenziswe yenziwe kwinayiloni esele ikhona kwiimveliso zenkunkuma.Oku kunciphisa kakhulu impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yelaphu (kwinqanaba lokufumana izinto eziphathekayo, kunjalo).
5. I-Econyl inokwehla kokufudumala kwehlabathi ukuya kutsho kuma-90% ngaphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nenayiloni eqhelekileyo.Ukuqaphela elo nani alikaqinisekiswa ngokuzimeleyo.
6. Iminatha yokuloba elahliweyo inokubenzakalisa ubomi basemanzini kwaye yakhiwe ngokuhamba kwexesha, inayiloni esetyenzisiweyo ibeka le mathiriyeli ukuba isetyenziswe ngcono.
Kutheni sikhetha imathiriyeli yenayiloni esetyenzisiweyo?
1.I-nylon, ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, ezininzi zeekhemikhali ezifunekayo ziphela emanzini- ekugqibeleni zibalekela emanzini kufuphi neendawo zokuvelisa.Ayisiyiyo neyona mpembelelo imbi yenayiloni kwiplanethi.I-asidi ye-diamine kufuneka idityaniswe ne-adipic acid ukwenza inayiloni.Ngexesha lokuveliswa kwe-adipic acid, izixa ezibalulekileyo ze-nitrous oxide zikhutshwa emoyeni.Le gesi ye-greenhouse ngokwenene ipakisha i-punch njengoko ithathwa ngokuba yingozi ngokuphindwe ngama-300 kwindawo yethu kunekharbon diokside.Ngokungafaniyo nemicu yendalo eyenza i-biodegrade kwiminyaka okanye amashumi eminyaka, inayiloni ithatha ixesha elide-njengamakhulu eminyaka ubude.Lo nto ke ukuba ide iphelele kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma.Ihlala ilahlwa nje elwandle (njengeminatha yokuloba elahliweyo) okanye ekugqibeleni ifumane indlela yayo apho.
2.Ngokungafaniyo nenayiloni yesintu eyenziwe ngamafutha efosili engekasetyenziswa, inayiloni ehlaziyiweyo yenziwe ngenayiloni esele ikhona kwinkunkuma.Oku kunciphisa kakhulu impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yelaphu (kwinqanaba lokufumana izinto eziphathekayo, kunjalo).
3. Ixabiso lenayiloni esetyenzisiweyo liyafana naleyo yenayiloni, kwaye linokuhla njengoko lisiya liduma.
4. Inayiloni esetyenzisiweyo ifumene isatifikethi kwi-OEKO-TEX Standard 100, eqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho othile wetyhefu awukho kwimpahla yokugqibela.
5. Iingxowa ezenziwe kwinayiloni esetyenzisiweyo zikhangeleka zintle kakhulu, zitofotofo kwaye zikumgangatho ophezulu.Abathengi bayayithanda le mathiriyeli.
